The Process of Reproduction
Normal functioning of the male and female reproductive systems depends on complex hormonal communication signals between the endocrine system and the sexual organs: ovaries in women and testes in men.
Role of hormones
Like most of the body's systems, hormones direct the intricate processes involved in male and female fertility.
Three key hormones are responsible for controlling the reproductive systems and cycles in both sexes.
- The Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) is secreted by the hypothalamus. This hormone stimulates the secretion of two gonadotropin hormones from the pituitary gland:
- Luteinising Hormone (LH) and
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). The LH and the FSH are key elements behind ovulation and development of sperm cells in men.
The body must produce these hormones in the right amounts, in the right sequence and at the right time for ovulation and sperm production to occur. If not, the chances of conception will be reduced.
